Difference between revisions of "Services"

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Services are an abstraction of ports and are the commonly used way of inter-process communication outside of the kernel. While handles of regular ports are retrieved from [[SVC]](svcConnectToPort), service handles are retrieved through the port ''srv:'' ("service manager").
+
Services are an abstraction of ports and are the commonly used way of inter-process communication outside of the kernel. While handles of regular ports are retrieved from [[SVC|svcConnectToPort]], service handles are retrieved through the port ''srv:'' ("service manager").
  
 
When a service is registered, [[SVC|svcCreatePort]] is used without a port-name. This means that the port is inaccessible via the port SVCs outside of sm-module. See below for getting a session handle for sending commands to services.
 
When a service is registered, [[SVC|svcCreatePort]] is used without a port-name. This means that the port is inaccessible via the port SVCs outside of sm-module. See below for getting a session handle for sending commands to services.
  
−
Processes with PID less than or equal to the number of NATIVE_FIRM built-in modules (fs, sm, pm, pxi, ldr) have access to all services. This value is obtained from [[SVC|svcGetSystemInfo]].
+
Processes with PID less than or equal to the number of NATIVE_FIRM built-in modules (fs, sm, pm, pxi, ldr) have access to all services. This value is obtained from [[SVC|svcGetSystemInfo]]. Other processes are limited to access services listed in their [[NCCH/Extended_Header#ARM11_Local_System_Capabilities|service access control list]], as passed to [[SRVPM:RegisterProcess]].
  
−
Attempting to use srvGetServiceSession with a service that the process has access to when that service isn't registered, results in svcSendSyncRequest never returning(the exact cause is unknown).
+
Attempting to use [[SRV:GetServiceHandle|GetServiceHandle]] with a service that the process has access to when that service isn't registered will block until it is registered.
  
 
==Service Manager Port "srv:"==
 
==Service Manager Port "srv:"==
Line 14: Line 14:
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00010002
 
| 0x00010002
−
| Initialize
+
| [[SRV:RegisterClient|RegisterClient]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00020000
 
| 0x00020000
−
| GetProcSemaphore() (the handle from this gets signaled when notifications for this process gets triggered)
+
| [[SRV:EnableNotification|EnableNotification]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00030100
 
| 0x00030100
−
| RegisterService(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen, u32 max_sessions)
+
| [[SRV:RegisterService|RegisterService]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000400C0
 
| 0x000400C0
−
| UnregisterService(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen)
+
| [[SRV:UnregisterService|UnregisterService]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00050100
 
| 0x00050100
−
| GetServiceSession(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen, u32 flags)
+
| [[SRV:GetServiceHandle|GetServiceHandle]]
−
 
 
−
Flags bit0: if not set, return port-handle instead of session-handle(from [[SVC|svcCreateSessionToPort]]) when session-handle unavailable (max sessions/timeout?).
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000600C2
 
| 0x000600C2
−
| RegisterPort(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen, Handle client_port)
+
| [[SRV:RegisterPort|RegisterPort]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000700C0
 
| 0x000700C0
−
| UnregisterPort(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen)
+
| [[SRV:UnregisterPort|UnregisterPort]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00080100
 
| 0x00080100
−
| GetPort(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen, u32 flags).
+
| [[SRV:GetPort|GetPort]]
−
 
 
−
Flags bit0: return 0 instead of port handle if port was found.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x00090040
 
| 0x00090040
−
| Subscribe(u32 notification_id). This enables the specified notificationID for the current process.
+
| [[SRV:Subscribe|Subscribe]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000A0040
 
| 0x000A0040
−
| Unsubscribe(u32 notification_id). This disables the specified notificationID for the current process.
+
| [[SRV:Unsubscribe|Unsubscribe]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000B0000
 
| 0x000B0000
−
| ReceiveNotification() This returns the notificationID which was triggered, if any(see GetProcSemaphore).
+
| [[SRV:ReceiveNotification|ReceiveNotification]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000C0080
 
| 0x000C0080
−
| PublishToSubscriber(u32 notification_id, u32 flag). This fires an notification. Bit0: only fire if not already fired, bit1: return error if error happens, else it always returns 0.
+
| [[SRV:PublishToSubscriber|PublishToSubscriber]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000D0040
 
| 0x000D0040
−
| This can fire notificationIDs and return the number of fired notificationID
+
| [[SRV:PublishAndGetSubscriber|PublishAndGetSubscriber]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x000E00C0
 
| 0x000E00C0
−
| HasAccessToService(8-byte servicename, u32 strlen). Returns 1 if your process has access to the service.
+
| [[SRV:IsServiceRegistered|IsServiceRegistered]]
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
==Service Manager Process-Manager Port "srv:pm"==
+
It appears these "port" commands can be used for transferring arbitrary handles, however [[SRV:GetPort|GetPort]] still uses the same service-access-control validation as [[SRV:GetServiceHandle|GetServiceHandle]]. Despite this fact, it appears that a "port" and a service with the same name can coexist independently.
 +
 
 +
==Service Manager Process-Manager Port/Service "srv:pm"==
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
{| class="wikitable" border="1"
 
|-
 
|-
−
!  Command Header, prior to [[7.0.0-13]]
+
!  Command Header (port), prior to [[7.0.0-13]]
 +
!  Command Header (service), post [[7.0.0-13]]
 
!  Description
 
!  Description
 +
|-
 +
| 0x04010042
 +
| 0x00010042
 +
| [[SRVPM:PublishToProcess|PublishToProcess]]
 +
|-
 +
| 0x04020040
 +
| 0x00020040
 +
| [[SRVPM:PublishToAll|PublishToAll]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x04030082
 
| 0x04030082
−
| RegisterProcess (u32 procid, u32 wordsz, <nowiki>((wordsz<<16) | 2)</nowiki>, serviceaccesscontrol*).
+
| 0x00030082
 +
| [[SRVPM:RegisterProcess|RegisterProcess]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x04040040
 
| 0x04040040
−
| UnregisterProcess (u32 procid).
+
| 0x00040040
 +
| [[SRVPM:UnregisterProcess|UnregisterProcess]]
 
|}
 
|}
−
 
−
The Register command registers a process with the service-manager, which includes registering the serviceaccesscontrol for the process which normally originates from the [[NCCH/Extended_Header|exheader]].
 
  
 
Prior to to [[7.0.0-13]], the commands listed for "srv:" were also accessible under this port with the same command-headers. Starting with [[7.0.0-13]], the "srv:pm" port was changed to a service. With this change, commandIDs for these commands were changed. "srv:pm" was originally vulnerable, this was fixed with [[7.0.0-13]], see [[3DS_exploits|here]]. Originally any process could use "srv:pm", however starting with [[7.0.0-13]] only the built-in NATIVE_FIRM sysmodules have access to it. The only system title which uses "srv:pm" is the [[Process_Manager_Services|Process Manager]].
 
Prior to to [[7.0.0-13]], the commands listed for "srv:" were also accessible under this port with the same command-headers. Starting with [[7.0.0-13]], the "srv:pm" port was changed to a service. With this change, commandIDs for these commands were changed. "srv:pm" was originally vulnerable, this was fixed with [[7.0.0-13]], see [[3DS_exploits|here]]. Originally any process could use "srv:pm", however starting with [[7.0.0-13]] only the built-in NATIVE_FIRM sysmodules have access to it. The only system title which uses "srv:pm" is the [[Process_Manager_Services|Process Manager]].
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|-
 
|-
 
!  ID
 
!  ID
 +
!  Published by
 +
!  Subscribed by
 
!  Description
 
!  Description
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x100
 
| 0x100
−
| This indicates that all processes must terminate: power-off, reboot, or [[FIRM]]-launch.
+
|
 +
| Not Needed
 +
| This indicates that the recipient must terminate.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x101
 +
| PTM
 +
| NS
 +
| Signaled on sleep mode entry.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x102
 +
| PTM
 +
| NS
 +
| Sleep Mode related?
 +
|-
 +
| 0x103
 +
| PTM
 +
| NS, CSND, NWM, AC, NIM
 +
| Fired on sleep mode entry (Kernel state is modified by PTM after publishing this)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x104
 +
| PTM
 +
| HID
 +
| This indicates that the system is entering sleep mode. (Kernel state is modified by PTM before publishing this)
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x105
 
| 0x105
−
| This indicates that the system is entering sleep mode.
+
| PTM
 +
| NS, DSP, CSND, GSP, CODEC, CAMERA, HID, QTM, MIC, IR, NWM, FRIENDS, AC, CECD, ACT, NDM, NIM
 +
| This indicates that the system has exited sleep mode.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x106
 +
| PTM
 +
| NS, MIC, AC, NEWS, CECD, BOSS
 +
| Fired after sleep mode exit.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x107
 +
| PTM
 +
| NWM, CECD, BOSS, NDM, NIM, NEWS
 +
| Unknown.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x108
 
| 0x108
−
| error at boot?
+
| PTM
 +
| GSP, QTM
 +
| System is going to Power Down.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x109
 +
| CFG
 +
| GSP
 +
| CFG block 0x00050001 has been modified, change LCD brightness/PWM settings
 +
|-
 +
| 0x10B
 +
| CFG
 +
| CAMERA
 +
| ?
 +
|-
 +
| 0x10C
 +
| PM
 +
|
 +
| A Regular application has started.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x110-0x11F
 +
| PM
 +
| NS
 +
| Sent on application exit. See [[PMApp:LaunchTitle#Launch_Flags|PM launch flags]].
 +
|-
 +
| 0x179
 +
| PM
 +
| PTM, NS
 +
| All processes other than PTM and NS have terminated.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x200
 +
|
 +
| NS
 +
| Signaled just before sleep mode is exited from.
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x202
 
| 0x202
 +
| MCU
 +
| NS
 
| POWER button pressed
 
| POWER button pressed
 +
|-
 +
| 0x203
 +
| MCU
 +
| NS
 +
| POWER button held long
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x204
 
| 0x204
−
| This indicates that the HOME button was pressed.
+
| MCU
 +
| NS
 +
| HOME button pressed
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x205
 
| 0x205
−
| HOME button pressed
+
| MCU
 +
| NS
 +
| HOME button released
 +
|-
 +
| 0x206
 +
| MCU / NWM
 +
| NWM
 +
| The physical Wi-Fi slider state changed
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x207
 
| 0x207
 +
|
 +
| MENU
 
| SD card inserted
 
| SD card inserted
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x208
 
| 0x208
 +
|
 +
| MENU
 
| Game cartridge inserted
 
| Game cartridge inserted
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x209
 
| 0x209
 +
|
 +
| NS, MENU
 
| SD card removed
 
| SD card removed
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x20A
 
| 0x20A
 +
|
 +
| NS, MENU
 
| Game cartridge removed
 
| Game cartridge removed
 
|-
 
|-
 
| 0x20B
 
| 0x20B
 +
|
 +
| NS, MENU
 
| Game cartridge inserted or removed
 
| Game cartridge inserted or removed
 +
|-
 +
| 0x20C
 +
| MCU
 +
| PTM
 +
| Published on a fatal hardware condition, when the MCU WDT triggers, ptm throws fatal error F960D407 in receipt of this
 +
|-
 +
| 0x20D
 +
| MCU
 +
| GSP
 +
| Charger plugged out.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x20E
 +
| MCU
 +
| GSP
 +
| Charger plugged in.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x20F
 +
| MCU
 +
|
 +
| Published by the mcu module when (bitmask & 0x8000) is true (started charging). This bitmask is obtained by reading i2c register 0x10.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x210
 +
| MCU
 +
|
 +
| Published by the mcu module when (bitmask & 0x4000) is true (stopped charging). This bitmask is obtained by reading i2c register 0x10.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x211
 +
| PTM
 +
|
 +
| Battery very low (5%)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x212
 +
| PTM
 +
|
 +
| Battery low (10%)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x213
 +
| NS
 +
| CODEC, HID, GSP, CAMERA, MIC, NDM, QTM, PTM
 +
| Shell opened.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x214
 +
| NS
 +
| CODEC, HID, GSP, CAMERA, MIC, NDM, QTM, PTM.
 +
| Shell closed.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x300
 +
| AC
 +
| NDM, MENU
 +
| Signaled after sleep mode exit and during system boot.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x301
 +
| AC
 +
| FRIENDS, NDM
 +
| Signaled just before sleep mode is exited from.
 +
|-
 +
| 0x302
 +
| NWM
 +
| NDM, SOCKET, FRIENDS, AC
 +
| WiFi is turning off, triggered by using the WiFi switch on O3DS models and the toggle in the N3DS HOME menu (maybe disconnecting from any connected networks?)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x303
 +
| NWM
 +
| CECD, NDM
 +
| WiFi has turned off. (fires shortly after 0x302)
 +
|-
 +
| 0x304
 +
| NWM
 +
| CECD, NDM, SOCKET
 +
| WiFi was turned on.
 
|}
 
|}
 +
[[Category:Services]]

Latest revision as of 23:39, 29 October 2024

Services are an abstraction of ports and are the commonly used way of inter-process communication outside of the kernel. While handles of regular ports are retrieved from svcConnectToPort, service handles are retrieved through the port srv: ("service manager").

When a service is registered, svcCreatePort is used without a port-name. This means that the port is inaccessible via the port SVCs outside of sm-module. See below for getting a session handle for sending commands to services.

Processes with PID less than or equal to the number of NATIVE_FIRM built-in modules (fs, sm, pm, pxi, ldr) have access to all services. This value is obtained from svcGetSystemInfo. Other processes are limited to access services listed in their service access control list, as passed to SRVPM:RegisterProcess.

Attempting to use GetServiceHandle with a service that the process has access to when that service isn't registered will block until it is registered.

Service Manager Port "srv:"[edit]

Command Header Description
0x00010002 RegisterClient
0x00020000 EnableNotification
0x00030100 RegisterService
0x000400C0 UnregisterService
0x00050100 GetServiceHandle
0x000600C2 RegisterPort
0x000700C0 UnregisterPort
0x00080100 GetPort
0x00090040 Subscribe
0x000A0040 Unsubscribe
0x000B0000 ReceiveNotification
0x000C0080 PublishToSubscriber
0x000D0040 PublishAndGetSubscriber
0x000E00C0 IsServiceRegistered

It appears these "port" commands can be used for transferring arbitrary handles, however GetPort still uses the same service-access-control validation as GetServiceHandle. Despite this fact, it appears that a "port" and a service with the same name can coexist independently.

Service Manager Process-Manager Port/Service "srv:pm"[edit]

Command Header (port), prior to 7.0.0-13 Command Header (service), post 7.0.0-13 Description
0x04010042 0x00010042 PublishToProcess
0x04020040 0x00020040 PublishToAll
0x04030082 0x00030082 RegisterProcess
0x04040040 0x00040040 UnregisterProcess

Prior to to 7.0.0-13, the commands listed for "srv:" were also accessible under this port with the same command-headers. Starting with 7.0.0-13, the "srv:pm" port was changed to a service. With this change, commandIDs for these commands were changed. "srv:pm" was originally vulnerable, this was fixed with 7.0.0-13, see here. Originally any process could use "srv:pm", however starting with 7.0.0-13 only the built-in NATIVE_FIRM sysmodules have access to it. The only system title which uses "srv:pm" is the Process Manager.

Notifications[edit]

ID Published by Subscribed by Description
0x100 Not Needed This indicates that the recipient must terminate.
0x101 PTM NS Signaled on sleep mode entry.
0x102 PTM NS Sleep Mode related?
0x103 PTM NS, CSND, NWM, AC, NIM Fired on sleep mode entry (Kernel state is modified by PTM after publishing this)
0x104 PTM HID This indicates that the system is entering sleep mode. (Kernel state is modified by PTM before publishing this)
0x105 PTM NS, DSP, CSND, GSP, CODEC, CAMERA, HID, QTM, MIC, IR, NWM, FRIENDS, AC, CECD, ACT, NDM, NIM This indicates that the system has exited sleep mode.
0x106 PTM NS, MIC, AC, NEWS, CECD, BOSS Fired after sleep mode exit.
0x107 PTM NWM, CECD, BOSS, NDM, NIM, NEWS Unknown.
0x108 PTM GSP, QTM System is going to Power Down.
0x109 CFG GSP CFG block 0x00050001 has been modified, change LCD brightness/PWM settings
0x10B CFG CAMERA ?
0x10C PM A Regular application has started.
0x110-0x11F PM NS Sent on application exit. See PM launch flags.
0x179 PM PTM, NS All processes other than PTM and NS have terminated.
0x200 NS Signaled just before sleep mode is exited from.
0x202 MCU NS POWER button pressed
0x203 MCU NS POWER button held long
0x204 MCU NS HOME button pressed
0x205 MCU NS HOME button released
0x206 MCU / NWM NWM The physical Wi-Fi slider state changed
0x207 MENU SD card inserted
0x208 MENU Game cartridge inserted
0x209 NS, MENU SD card removed
0x20A NS, MENU Game cartridge removed
0x20B NS, MENU Game cartridge inserted or removed
0x20C MCU PTM Published on a fatal hardware condition, when the MCU WDT triggers, ptm throws fatal error F960D407 in receipt of this
0x20D MCU GSP Charger plugged out.
0x20E MCU GSP Charger plugged in.
0x20F MCU Published by the mcu module when (bitmask & 0x8000) is true (started charging). This bitmask is obtained by reading i2c register 0x10.
0x210 MCU Published by the mcu module when (bitmask & 0x4000) is true (stopped charging). This bitmask is obtained by reading i2c register 0x10.
0x211 PTM Battery very low (5%)
0x212 PTM Battery low (10%)
0x213 NS CODEC, HID, GSP, CAMERA, MIC, NDM, QTM, PTM Shell opened.
0x214 NS CODEC, HID, GSP, CAMERA, MIC, NDM, QTM, PTM. Shell closed.
0x300 AC NDM, MENU Signaled after sleep mode exit and during system boot.
0x301 AC FRIENDS, NDM Signaled just before sleep mode is exited from.
0x302 NWM NDM, SOCKET, FRIENDS, AC WiFi is turning off, triggered by using the WiFi switch on O3DS models and the toggle in the N3DS HOME menu (maybe disconnecting from any connected networks?)
0x303 NWM CECD, NDM WiFi has turned off. (fires shortly after 0x302)
0x304 NWM CECD, NDM, SOCKET WiFi was turned on.
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